There are still many challenges in improving the quality of the population. Specifically, the average life expectancy of the people is quite high but the average number of years of healthy life is low. The problem of child marriage still occurs, especially in mountainous and highland areas where many ethnic minorities live, affecting the quality of the population.

Along with the above challenges is the situation of the birth rate between regions being different; the rapidly increasing gender imbalance at birth is also seriously affecting the quality of the population. Meanwhile, people's awareness of early access to counseling services, pre-marital health check-ups; Screening, diagnosis, and early treatment of prenatal and neonatal diseases and disabilities are still low.

In Tuyen Quang province, the work of propaganda, education, and awareness of population and family planning at all levels, sectors, and the entire population has had many changes. The province is implementing many programs and activities to improve population quality, such as: Plan to implement the Population Strategy until 2030; Program to expand, screen, diagnose, and treat prenatal and neonatal diseases and disabilities until 2030; Program for health care for the elderly until 2030; and many programs and projects that integrate the goal of improving population quality. In particular, the province is implementing the content of "Improving population quality in ethnic minority and mountainous areas" under Project 7 of the National Target Program on socio-economic development in ethnic minority areas.

In addition, in order to improve the quality of the population, the province continues to pay special attention to innovative activities, diversifying forms and methods of communication and behavioral change education to improve the effectiveness of propaganda, education, dissemination of laws and policies on population. In particular, it focuses on disseminating contents on adolescent reproductive health; pre-marital health consultation and examination; prenatal and newborn screening; paying attention to the health care of the elderly to achieve the goals of improving the quality of the population, contributing to promoting the socio-economic development of the locality.